![]() The embryo gets embedded in the wall of the uterus, which is thick and has muscles, glands and a large number of blood capillaries. Thus it forms a hollow ball of cells, called embryo. The fertilized egg (zygote) moves down the Fallopian tube and continuously undergoes cell division. It has a head and a long tail, which helps it swim towards the ovum (egg). On being stimulated, the erectile tissue fills with blood, making the penis erect and firm, so that it may enter the vagina of the female and discharge the sperms. The penis is a muscular, tubular organ made up of loose tissue with spaces in between. The urethra leads to the outside of the body through an organ called penis. The prostate gland adds its secretion to the seminal fluid. This junction occurs inside the prostate gland. The sperm ducts from both sides join near the base of the urinary bladder, opening into a single tube called urethra (Figure 6.10). The functions of a seminal vesicle are to store the sperms that have come from the testis and to secrete seminal fluid, or semen, in which the sperms float. ![]() For each testis, there is one vas deferens and one seminal vesicle. The seminal vesicle is an elongated sac at the base of the urinary bladder. The vas deferens runs interiorly up to the urinary bladder, from where it leads downward and is joined by a duct from the seminal vesicle. Sperms from the testis pass through the sperm duct, known as vas deferens. The testes produce sperms continuously from the stage of puberty onwards. This is necessary because sperm formation occurs at a temperature lower than normal body temperature. The scrotal sac can elongate and contract depending upon the body temperature and external temperature. There are two oval testes, each contained in a protective bag called scrotum (or scrotal sac), lying outside the abdominal cavity. The most important male reproductive organ is the testis, which produces sperms. The male reproductive organs include the testes, seminal vesicles, penis and some associated glands such as the prostate gland. But childbearing and lactation (milk secretion) need the female reproductive organs and breasts to be fully developed. From this period onwards sexual reproduction becomes a possibility as the body becomes capable of producing the specialized germ cells that are needed for sexual reproduction. They serve as signals identifiable by other individuals that sexual maturation is taking place. ![]() These changes are slow and take place over six years or so.
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